‘Eureka Moment’ Leads to Mechatronics Master’s Degree

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Mr Siyabonga Masiza has graduated with a Master’s degree in Mechatronics Engineering, for work done on the mechanical design of a modular, low-cost and lightweight myoelectric prosthetic hand.

Masiza was supervised by UKZN’s Professor Riaan Stopforth and Dr Daniel Kirkman.

‘It all started when I did my vacation work at Smiths Manufacturing,’ said Masiza. ‘I was exposed to the real-world application of different engineering concepts and spent some time in the mechatronics department. That was when I had my eureka moment and realised that I loved the idea of combining mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, electronic engineering and computer engineering to form functional mechatronics systems. I knew I was going to do my master’s in mechatronics.

‘UKZN has a strong reputation for Engineering research and innovation, which aligns with my passion for developing technologies that improve the quality of life,’ said Masiza.

His research focused on designing and optimising a myoelectric prosthetic hand for individuals with amputation below the elbow (ie one that uses surface electrodes and actuators to open and close).

The prosthetic hand was designed to be affordable, lightweight and modular, making it suitable for both everyday activities and competitive situations. Key objectives were to improve grip strength, adaptability, modularity and ease of maintenance while keeping costs low.

‘I also explored a purely mechanical version - a prosthetic hand with no actuators or electronics - to provide more affordable solutions for individuals with upper limb amputations,’ said Masiza.

The myoelectric prosthetic hand - TOUCH HAND 6 - was designed as an entry in the 2024 Cybathlon international competition, the “Olympic Games” for prosthetic devices, where it secured 10th place out of 16 countries. 

‘The Cybathlon competition tests the capabilities of prosthetic devices through a series of tasks that emphasise sensory feedback, palm rotation and adaptability to various object sizes, shapes and weights,’ explained Masiza, who was one of three UKZN master’s students who worked on different components of the hand.

He said he was fascinated by the intersection of robotics, biomechanics and human-centered design. ‘I have always believed that the future is human, with machines integrated for the purpose of serving humans. At this stage, however, this type of technology is still expensive so there is a need for affordable prosthetic solutions, especially in developing regions. This inspired my research to create a functional, low-cost alternative to expensive commercial prosthetic hands.

‘Seeing how technology can restore independence to individuals is a powerful motivator!’

Masiza’s research contributes to the field of prosthetics by offering a more accessible and efficient alternative to current designs. By integrating mechanical optimisation, 3D printing and innovative grip mechanisms like a novel fin ray thumb, his design enhances functionality while reducing cost and complexity.

‘This could significantly improve the lives of amputees who struggle to afford high-end prosthetics,’ he said.

Masiza plans to expand his expertise in mechatronics and human-machine interaction, possibly through a PhD or learning first hand from experts in industry: ‘The future is exciting,’ he said.

He paid tribute to his supervisors who were instrumental in guiding his research; thanked his colleagues at the Scientific Multidisciplinary Advanced Research Technology (SMART) Lab who contributed to the success of TOUCH HAND in the Cybathlon competition; and acknowledged all sponsors whose support made this research and participation in the Cybathlon possible.

During his master’s, Masiza opened a small 3D printing business aimed at providing 3D printing services to students, which helped fund his studies and allowed him to focus on his research.

‘With a strong undergraduate foundation in Mechanical Engineering and with my MSc in Mechatronics, I am eager to apply my knowledge to real-world challenges,’ said Masiza. ‘My passion lies in integrating mechanical design with automation, control systems and robotics to develop innovative and practical solutions across various industries.

‘This past year has been the most academically intensive of my life, but that’s what we live for - pushing boundaries, solving challenges and growing through the process. I look forward to contributing to cutting-edge technologies that drive efficiency and improve everyday life.

‘As the Hungarian-American physicist Theodore von Karman said: “Scientists discover the world that exists; engineers create the world that never was”.’

Words: Sally Frost

Photograph: Sethu Dlamini