25 June 2020 Volume :8 Issue :28
Indlela Entsha Yokufundisa e-UKZN Kusetshenziswa Izindlela Zokufunda Ngobuchwepheshe
USolwazi Nirmala Gopal uyisishoshovu esiyisifundiswa sezamalungelo abantu. Click here for English version
- NguSolwazi Nirmala Gopal
NguNhlangulana (June) wonyaka wezi-2020, futhi njengoba izwe lingaphansi kwemvalelwandlini, izindlela zethu zokufunda nokufundisa ziguquke kakhulu futhi lokhu kuphuthuma kungumphumela we-COVID-19.
Siyibonile “Indlela yokufunda kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe iletha ukuphuthuma koguquko ezindleleni zethu zokufunda nokufundisa. Kunokuguquka endleleni yokufundisa lapho uthisha ema phambi kwabafundi abe ngumthombo wolwazi nabafundi abangabambi qhaza kuya endleleni enokusebenzisana nokubambisana lapho abafundi nothisha beneqhaza ohlelweni lokufunda. Iqhaza likathisha ukuguquka ekubeni “umuntu omi phambi kwabafundi” kuya “kumuntu omi eceleni kwabafundi obalekelelayo” (Stern, 2005).
Ngokususelwe embonweni owaziwayo, lo mbhalombono uhlose ukuhlela indlela i-UKZN ebheka ngayo udaba lwezokufunda kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe uma kubhekwa izinhlosomasu zayo ezimbili: ukufundisa nocwaningo.
Lolu hlelo lwe-UKZN luqale eminyakeni eyishumi edlule lapho bekunokwamukelwa kwalo okuzigabagaba kubafundi nabasebenzi. Ngaphezu kokulwamukela lolu hlelo, abasebenzi nabafundi bazijwayeze nokusebenzisa i-Moodle nezinye izinsiza zobuchwepheshe bokufunda.
Uhlelo lwe-UKZN lwezokufunda nokufundisa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe lususelwe kwinqubomgomo yenyuvesi yezokufunda nokufundisa (eqale ukusebenza ngonyaka wezi-2009) egxile ekubekeni umfundi esiyingini sakho konke ukufunda okwenzekayo. Njengokucaphuna kwayo ku-Jean Piaget, inqubomgomo yase-UKZN yezokufunda nokufundisa igcizelela:
• Umfundi ungumuntu ohlukile kwabanye.
• Ukubaluleka kwalapho umfundi edabuka khona kanye nesiko sakhe.
• Umsebenzi okhulayo wokunakekela ukufunda ungowomfundi.
• Ukugqugquzeleka ngokufunda kusukela ekuphothuleni ngempumelelo umsebenzi oyinselelo osuke unikezwe umfundi.
Okusho ukuthi, lokhu okungenhla kukhomba ukuthi udaba “lokushiya umfundi emuva” luhlinzeka ngethuba lokufunda okujulile oluchazwa ohlwini lwezindlela zokufunda luka-Benjamin Bloom.
Lezi zindlela sezibe izinsika zempokophelo ye-UKZN yokuba isikhungo esihamba phambili Sezokufunda Ngokobu-Afrika.
Esikhathini esiyizinyanga ezintathu umkhakha wezemfundo emhlabeni jikelele nasezweni lonke uzisungule kabusha. Konke lokhu kwenziwe ngezinhloso ezinhle. Ekugcineni abafundi sebengabakhiqizi bolwazi. Kunokucaca nesibophokubika kubo bonke ababambe iqhaza. Abafundi baphambili ezinkulumwenimpikiswano, ekuhlaziyeni nasekuhloleni kabanzi abakufundiswayo, indlela abakufundiswa ngayo kanye nokungumsebenzi wabo kwezokufunda nokundiswa kwabo.
Ukufunda kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe sekubeke i-UKZN endaweni egqamile ebalazweni lomkhakha wezemfundo ephakeme emhlabeni jikelele nakuzwelonke.
Lokhu sikwenze ngesikhathi sisebenzisa izindlela eziphambili zokusebenza zomhlaba jikelele zihlanganiswe nezikazwelonke saqala kabusha ukusebenzisa ukufunda nokufundisa sisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ekuqaleni kokumenyezelwa emphakathini kobhubhane lwe-COVID-19. Abaphathi abakhulu benyuvesi bajube amakhono nobungoti obusehhovisi leNyuvesi LezokuFunda Nokufundisa.
Uhlelo lwezokufunda nokufundisa luqhakambisa futhi lugxilise izindlela zokufundisa ezisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulondolozwa kokukhiqizwa kolwazi kusetshenziswa izindlela eziyikhwalithi.
Abasebenzi njengababambe iqhaza elikhulu ekuholweni kwalo mkhankaso baphuthuma baqala ukwenza amalungiselelo emva kwamasonto amabili kumenyezelwe ukuqala kokusebenza kwalolu hlelo lwezokufunda nokufundisa ngaphansi kwesiqubulo esithi “Akusali mfundi emuva”.
Ukuzibophezela nokuzinikela KweKomidi LabaPhathi AbaKhulu, abasebenzi nabafundi baqhube lo mkhankaso ngokuzinikela. Izidingo zawo wonke umfundi zibalulekile. Lokhu akukhethi luhlanga, ubulili, isiko indawo yokuhlala nokunye okuthintekayo. INyuvesi isebenze ngokuzikhandla ubusuku nemini iqinisekisa ukubamba iqhaza kwabo bonke abathintekayo.
Lo mkhankaso uveze ukubambisana nobumbano oluyisimanga (okungumphumela obaluleke kakhulu kodwa obungahlosiwe) njengoba kusetshenziswe amakhono namava anhlobonhlobo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi akukho msebenzi noma umfundi osala ngemuva. Lolu bumbano olubonakale eNyuvesi belungokunye kokusezingeni eliphezulu esikhungweni nakho okuqale eminyakeni eyishumi edlule.
Ihhovisi lenyuvesi lezokufunda nokufundisa ngaphansi kwesandla sikaSolwazi Sandile Songca oyiPhini Lesekelashansela lisebenze ngokuzikhandla futhi nokubambisana nekomidi labaphathi abakhulu besikhundla, iZigele namanye amakomidi athintekayo ukuze kufezeke izinhloso ezibekiwe zokulungiselela izinhlelo ezisezingeni lomhlaba zabafundi nabasebenzi.
Ekulungiseleleni lolu hambo oluthokozisayo kodwa olunokuqonda ngezingqinamba ezingaba khoma kubafundi nabasebenzi, abasebenzi baqale ukuzifundisa amakhono amasha besebenzisa izinsiza ezinhlobonhlobo zobuchwepheshe ezikhona. Abasebenzi beNyuvesi abafundisayo nabaseka ezokufunda bakhombise isasasa lokuqeqeshwa, okubonakale ngezibalo eziphezulu zababambe iqhaza. Abafundi babambe iqhaza ezinhlelweni zokuhlola ukusebenza kwale ndlela yokufunda ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izinselelo zikuphi futhi zilungiswe ngokufanele yiNyuvesi. INyuvesi njengesikhungo sezemfundo iqinisekise ukuthi konke kumi ngomumo ekuhlinzekeni ngamathuba ukwesekwa kwabafundi nabasebenzi ukuze uhlelo lwezokufunda nokufundisa kusetshenziswa ubchwepheshe luqhubeke isikhathi eside.
Izifundo eziningi zokuhlinzeka abasebenzi ngamakhono ezobuchwepheshe zazigcwele zichichima abasebenzi ababemagange bezibhalisela ukuze bathole ukuqeqeshwa - okuyinkomba enye yokuzibophezela kwabasebenzi ekuhlinzekeni ngemfundo esezingeni eliphezulu emaqoqweni abafundi bethu abazimisele. Ngiqhakambisa elamaqoqo ngoba ngifuna ukukhombisa ukuthi e-UKZN kunengxube yabafundi abanezidingo ezihlukene.
Ngokuhambelana nokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi kwathathwa izinqumo eziwumthetho mayelana nokubuyekezwa kwezindlela zokufunda nokufundisa, izinsuku zokuqala kokusebenza kwezinhlelo, izindlela zokuhlola abafundi, ukufinyelela kwabafundi ezidingweni zabo zokufunda nokunye. Wonke amalungiselelo ayehlose ukulekelela ukufezeka kwemisebenzi yabafundi nabasebenzi.
Uhlelo olunothile, olunozinzo noluhlabahlosile lwase-UKZN i-University Technology Enhanced Learning (UTEL) lulethe izinhlelo zokufunda nokufundisa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe. Lokhu kusebenza ngokubambisana phakathi kweHhovisi leNyuvesi Lezokufunda NokuFundisa (UTLO) nophiko LwezokuHlinzekwa Kwezidingo ZezobuChwepheshe (ICS) okuqale kudala kungakafiki nobhubhane kukhuphule izinga leNyuvesi lokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe. I-UTEL yasungulelwa ukuhlinzeka isizinda sezinsiza ezinothile zobuchwepheshe kwezokufunda nokufundisa nezindlela zokufundisa ezintsha, ukusetshenziswa kwe-eLearning, ukufunda kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe, ukufunda okungxube nohlelo lokufunda ngendlela ehlukile kwejwayelekile. Konke kwasekuhlelekile cishe eminyakeni eyishumi edlule.
Amagumbi eNyuvesi okuqopha alungiswe kabusha alekelela ukufundisa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe ngokusezingeni eliphezulu. Abasebenzi banezinsiza ezihlelwe kahle zokufunda kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe. Lokhu kukhuphule izinga lokufunda nokufundisa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe.
Ngokuhambelana nezinguquko ezikhona kwezobuchwepheshe, izinkundla zokuxhumana nobunye ubuchwepheshe bamaselula nokunye. Uhlelo lwase-UKZN lokufundisa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe kuhlinzeka abafundi, "ngamandla okulawula ukufinyeleleka, ukukhiqizwa nokwabelana ngolwazi”. Lokhu kunika abafundi nabasebenzi amandla okuthola izindlela zokusebebenzisa lokhu kulawula okwenziwe ukuze kuthuthuke intshisekelo yabo nokubaluleka kokufundwayo ” (Teachonline.ca: 2018).
I-UKZN ilindele ukuvuna izithelo zokufunda kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe ngokuqhubeka kwabasebenzi nabafundi bejwayela ukusebenzisa lezi zinsiza zokufunda nokufundisa. Kuyacaca ukuthi kubasebenzi kuvela izindlela ezintsha namasu okufundisa aseqophelweni eliphezulu I- UKZN eyaziwa ngezokufunda eziphambili ihlinzeke ngamathuba okuqeqeshwa kwezokufundisa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe, i-UPLOADING VIDEOs IN MOODLE ne-zoom USING KALTURA. Abasebenzi banikwa amakhono okusebenzisa uhlelo olukhona lokufunda kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe besimanjemanje ukuze kuhlinzekwe abafundi ngokufunda okusezingeni nokufanele.
Amathuba okusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe mahle kakhulu. Ekuqaleni abanye abafundi bangazithola bemanqika futhi bengakhululekile. Kodwa uma sibuyela emuva ekuqaleni kokusebenza kohlelo lwe-Braille ngonyaka wezi-1824 ngu-Louis Braille sibona lapho ukuthi izakhamuzi eziningi zingafinyelela kanjani ekufundeni. Okukhulu ukuthi sizovala igebe phakathi kwabanotho nabangenalutho. Lokhu kuyindlela yokucabanga ehola iningi lethu. Ukufunda kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe kuzogqugquzela UBUNTU. Sidinga nje ukusingangatha ukufundisa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe okuzobangela ukusabalala kweminyakanyaka yamasikompilo ethu. Konke okwenziwe ubukhona besifo i-coronavirus.
Khumbula ngeminyaka ye-1790 ezemfundo zathuthuka ukuze zilungiselele izakhamuzi ukusebenza emafemini. Izigaba ze-4 ne-5 zokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe bezokukhiqiza zisiphoqa ukuba silungele futhi silungiselele amakhono azodingeka njengokucabanga okuhlolayo, ukuxazulula izinkinga nokuhlaziya kucabanga njll. Lezi zinhlobo zamakhono zinomthelela wokusenza sibe abadingekayo embonini yezemisebenzi.
Masibe uhlelo lwe-Apollo 17 olwaba nempumelelo ngesikhathi esasinzima lungenazinsiza ezitheni. Ngamazwi kaMongameli Cyril Ramaphosa, “Sizonqoba”. Ubuchwepheshe busivulela ithuba lokwenza lokhu. ‘Masingasaleli emuva’
Uma unezinselelo ngokufinyelela ezinsizeni zobuchwepheshe noma ungakaze uxhumane nenyuvesi kusuka ekuqaleni kwemvalelwandlini – sicela ukukusiza! Inyuvesi ineqembu elihlinzekelwe ukukulekelela. Sicela usitshele ngokutholile kulolu hlelo ngokusithumelela le mininingwane elandelayo:
• Igama lakho
• Inombolo yakho yomfundi
• Inombolo yakho kamakhalekhukhwini
• I-imeyili yakho
• Ikheli lakho lalapho uhlala khona manje
• Imininingwane ye-GPS lapho ikhaya lakho likhona.
Thumela izimpendulo zakho e-UKZN kulemininingwane elandelayo:
• I-imeyili: data@ukzn.ac.za
• Inombolo ye-SMS : 073 529 0192
Asisingathe le ndlela etsha sisebenze ngokubambisana ekulondolozeni ingxenye yonyaka esasele – ekugcineni sisonke kulokhu!
USolwazi Nirmala Gopal uyisishoshovu esiyisifundiswa sezamalungelo abantu futhi akahambisani nayo yonke indlela yokuziphatha enokucindezela nokucwasa.
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