Statistician Tackles Complexities of Cryptocurrency
Dr Stephanie Subramoney graduates with a PhD in Statistics.Following research into one of the world’s most dynamic financial arenas - cryptocurrency, Dr Stephanie Subramoney graduated from UKZN with a PhD in Statistics.
Her groundbreaking thesis, titled: ‘Statistical Risk Modelling of Cryptocurrencies Using Generalised Autoregressive Score (GAS)-Type Models’, tackled the complexities of cryptocurrency volatility through sophisticated statistical tools, earning her international recognition and two published journal articles.
Having completed her BSc, BSc Honours and master’s degrees at UKZN, Subramoney’s decision to pursue a PhD at the same institution was rooted in familiarity, trust and academic support. “UKZN already felt like home to me,” she said. “I had built strong relationships with my lecturers and especially my supervisors, who encouraged me to pursue a PhD. Their guidance and belief in my potential gave me the confidence to take on the challenge.”
Under the supervision of Professor Knowledge Chinhamu and Professor Retius Chifurira, Subramoney’s research was situated at the intersection of statistics and finance, focusing specifically on the notoriously volatile cryptocurrency market. Her work introduced hybrid Generalised Autoregressive Score (GAS) models with heavy-tailed and extreme value mixture innovations to estimate Value-at-Risk (VaR) for major cryptocurrencies.
“My research focused on understanding and predicting the risks in cryptocurrency markets, which are known for being highly volatile and unpredictable,” Subramoney explained. “In simple terms, it’s about creating better tools to measure and manage financial risk in an area that is becoming increasingly important to investors, businesses and even regulators.”
Subramoney’s fascination with financial markets began long before her doctoral research, but the opportunity to study cryptocurrencies - an emerging and globally relevant area - was especially motivating. “It was a chance to combine my interest in finance with a new and fast-growing area where advanced statistical methods could really make a difference,” she explained.
The significance of her work extends well beyond academic circles. As more investors and institutions enter the cryptocurrency market, accurate risk assessment becomes critical. “My research helps make sense of the risks in cryptocurrency markets, providing investors and businesses with tools to make smarter decisions,” she said. “More broadly, it shows how South African researchers can contribute to an emerging global market that is rapidly growing in importance.”
Currently based in the United Kingdom, Subramoney is applying her expertise as a data scientist, a role that continues to evolve in tandem with technological innovation. “I aim to grow into a specialist in artificial intelligence and machine learning,” she said. “I hope to be at the forefront of applying these technologies in innovative ways that shape industries and open up new opportunities for the future.”
Subramoney credited her father and grandmother as central figures in her academic journey. “My father has always been my biggest supporter, reminding me that I was capable of achieving more than I thought possible,” she said. “My grandmother was equally influential, always encouraging me to excel and reminding me of the importance of striving for more as a woman.”
Beyond her professional and academic life, Subramoney enjoys a balance of recreation and exploration. “In my spare time, I enjoy cooking and experimenting with new recipes, spending time with friends, hiking and discovering new places,” she shared.
Subramoney offered words of encouragement to current and aspiring students: “Embrace every challenge, because it will shape you into more than you imagined. With hard work, perseverance and the right support system, anything is possible.”
Words: Sally Frost
Photograph: Sethu Dlamini
author : .author email : .Doctoral Graduate Charts New Frontiers in Geomatics
Newly-capped, Dr Simiso Ntuli.For newly-capped Dr Simiso Ntuli, growing up in Enseleni Township outside Richards Bay, the future always seemed endless and full of potential.
Physics classes at his school, Tholokuhle High, were a favourite and that’s where his dream of working in engineering was born.
Fast forward a decade and Ntuli’s intense curiosity and perseverance culminated in the proud moment of graduating with a PhD in Engineering (Land Surveying) from UKZN.
“Graduating means achieving a long-term goal and seeing the results of years of hard work,” Ntuli reflected. “Studying for my PhD has been challenging but rewarding. It gave me the chance to learn, solve problems and contribute new knowledge to geomatics. It’s helped me grow as a researcher and prepared me to make a difference in both academia and industry.”
His is not a story of someone who had to leave home to excel. Instead, it is about using the resources closest at hand and leveraging them to the fullest. UKZN, ranked among South Africa’s top universities for engineering, was the obvious choice. It offered world-class facilities, experienced supervisors and was close enough to family to keep roots intact.
“I chose UKZN because it is near my home town, Richards Bay,” Ntuli explained. “I grew up in Enseleni Township, and UKZN gave me the best of both worlds - an excellent academic environment and the support network of home.”
At UKZN, Ntuli completed a BSc and MSc in Land Surveying, a field that brings together mathematics, science and the built environment. “In high school I had a strong interest in physics and my post-matric study choices were focused on engineering. But land surveying captured my interest because it involves physical work with practical applications. That shaped my field of study and inspired my career path in geomatics.”
As an undergraduate, Ntuli’s curiosity was ignited by a final-year project on 3D point clouds generated from drone images using photogrammetry technology that allows precise measurements from aerial photographs. “I found the process fascinating and discovered many interesting research gaps,” Ntuli recalled.
With encouragement from his supervisor, Mr Angus Forbes, that initial spark grew into a clear research direction. Even after working in industry on land surveys, the passion for photogrammetry and teaching never faded. “My true interest remained in photogrammetry and automation,” Ntuli said. “That motivated me to pursue a master’s qualification and a PhD to explore innovative applications of 3D mapping.”
His doctoral research broke new ground in artificial intelligence for geomatics, and involved teaching computers to automatically recognise and sort 3D maps of land and underwater areas. The system can identify features like buildings, trees and submerged objects, which is a leap forward for city mapping, environmental monitoring, search and rescue and underwater heritage protection.
“In layman’s terms, we’re training computers to see the world the way humans do, but faster and at scale,” Ntuli explained. “This automation reduces manual work, speeds up processes and provides reliable results for real-world applications.”
The potential benefits are vast: smarter urban planning, stronger disaster management, quicker environmental assessments, safer infrastructure inspections and better preservation of marine heritage. “Yes, it definitely impacts society,” Ntuli affirmed. “It provides practical solutions that make communities safer and protects important resources.”
No doctoral journey is completed alone and mentorship was pivotal for Ntuli. “My supervisors, Dr Mayshree Singh and Mr Angus Forbes, played important roles through their unwavering support and guidance,” he said. “I’m also grateful to the National Research Foundation sponsor, which made my research journey possible.”
“My sister, Siphesihle Ntuli, always encouraged me to study further while my family and friends were also very supportive.”
Ntuli is already deeply embedded in the profession. A Professional Land Surveyor registered with the South African Geomatics Council (SAGC) and a Sectional Titles Practitioner, he also lectures in Geomatics at the Durban University of Technology.
“I plan to pursue a career in academia while collaborating with industry, mentoring students and supervising research projects,” he said. “I want to develop practical solutions and contribute to capacity building in the field.
Despite the intense demands of postgraduate study and lecturing, Ntuli manages to carve out time for other passions. He enjoys attending orchestra and opera performances and has a particular love of classical music and instruments, especially the piano. “It’s something completely different from my work and it keeps me grounded,” he said.
By combining advanced mapping technologies with a commitment to teaching and mentoring, Ntuli is helping to build not only smarter cities and safer environments but also stronger pathways for students following in his footsteps.
Words: Swasti Maney
Photograph: Sethu Dlamini
author : .author email : .Applied Mathematical Research Improves Heat Management in Appliances
Ms Nonhlanhla Mthembu walks the stage to receive her Master’s in Applied Mathematics.Tenacity, determination and a natural love for problem-solving led to an MSc in Applied Mathematics for Ms Nonhlanhla Mthembu.
Supervised by Dr Sivuyile Mgobhozi and Professor Sicelo Goqo, Mthembu’s research explored heat transfer in engineering systems, a field with far-reaching industrial applications.
Having started her academic path at UKZN when it was still known as the University of Natal, Mthembu’s decision to pursue her master’s degree at the Institution was both practical and personal. “I chose UKZN because of its strong reputation in Applied Mathematics,” she explained. “I witnessed how competent the lecturers are, the strong support structure they provide, and the healthy and conducive study culture the University offers. Also, it’s close to my home and family, so attending classes was convenient.”
Her research focused on heat transfer in longitudinal fins of various profiles using spectral collocation methods. “I examined how heat is distributed through fins, which are extended surfaces that enhance thermal efficiency in systems like refrigerators, air conditioners, car radiators and computers,” she said. “For example, fins increase the total surface area of condenser coils at the back of a refrigerator. As air moves over the fins, it removes heat more efficiently, allowing the fridge to cool better. My research helps us understand and model this process more precisely.”
Said Mthembu: “As someone who enjoys solving problems and challenges, I’ve always been passionate about applying mathematics, particularly Partial Differential Equations, to practical scenarios. Applied Mathematics offered me the opportunity to combine theory with practical problems.”
The significance of her research is underscored by its potential to improve heat management across a range of industries. “As the world moves towards technologically enhanced solutions,” Mthembu explained, “the conclusions of my dissertation can help enhance thermal management systems in electronics, consumer appliances, aerospace, defense, energy and manufacturing.”
Mthembu has her eyes firmly set on the future. “I plan to continue my academic and research journey by pursuing a PhD focusing on heat transfer in solar panels,” she said, adding that she hopes to make a meaningful contribution to the growing STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) industry.
Her success, she emphasised, was built on a foundation of faith, family, mentorship and perseverance. “I thank the Lord Almighty for giving me the wisdom and grace to reach such a milestone,” she said. She also thanked her husband and daughter who supported her through the toughest moments. “At times I felt like quitting, but they kept on motivating me.”
Two UKZN PhD students, Mr Sibonelo Nzama and Ms Phangisile Khumalo, also played a vital role. “They were always there for me whenever I needed help with numerical methods,” she said. Additionally her supervisors, Dr Sivuyile Mgobhozi and Professor Sicelo Goqo, were instrumental. “Their mentorship was pivotal in helping me achieve this success.”
Mthembu’s journey was not without obstacles. She had to switch supervisors and research methods midway through her dissertation. “I initially used analytical methods, but my new supervisors specialised in numerical approaches. I was unfamiliar with numerical analysis, and the change was intimidating. The learning curve was steep, but I devoted countless hours to learning and seeking help,” she recalled. “There were times when frustration threatened to consume me, but my passion and determination for Applied Mathematics fuelled the desire to fulfil my dream.”
In her spare time, Mthembu enjoys planning church events and spending time with her family.
Mthembu’s daughter, Ms Samukelisiwe Sibiya, paid a heartfelt tribute to her mother: “I would like to congratulate my mom on this amazing achievement. It is truly a blessing to have such a ‘wonder woman’ in my space. I’ve witnessed her working tirelessly on her dissertation, and I’m proud to see the results of her hard work. When I feel overwhelmed by my own studies, I remind myself that I have my mom to look up to. Her perseverance, dedication and passion inspire me more than words can express. Congratulations, Mommy - you did it! I am proud to see you in your graduation gown. You deserve all things beautiful that the Universe has to offer.”
Words: Sally Frost
Photograph: Sethu Dlamini
author : .author email : .Physicist Explores Mysteries of Space Weather
Space physicist, Mr Siyanda Hlathi.Space physicist Mr Siyanda Hlathi has been awarded a Master of Science degree in Physics from UKZN for his research which delved into the mysteries of near-Earth space.
Supervised by Dr Judy Stephenson and Professor Michael Kosch, Hlathi studied unusual radar signals detected by SuperDARN, a global network of high-frequency radars used for monitoring the ionosphere.
The ionosphere is a crucial region of the Earth’s upper atmosphere that affects how radio signals travel.
Hlathi’s dissertation, titled: ‘An Investigation of Near Range Echoes (NREs) in SANAE SuperDARN Radar Data’, focused on radar echoes detected much closer to the radar site than expected. “SuperDARN is usually used to study the upper atmosphere at far ranges, hundreds or even thousands of kilometres away,” explained Hlathi. “But in some data, researchers started seeing radar returns from much closer ranges, which is something that’s not well understood. My work looked into what causes these near-range echoes and where exactly they come from.”
Said Hlathi: “The ionosphere plays a key role in space weather, which impacts systems we use every day, like GPS, satellite communication and radio signals. If we can better understand how it behaves, especially during disturbances, we can help improve those technologies and protect them from space weather events.”
His interest in space science was sparked in 2019, when he attended the National Astrophysics and Space Science Programme (NASSP) Winter School. “That experience opened my eyes,” he said. “Before that, I enjoyed physics in general, but the Winter School introduced me to space physics in a way that was exciting and completely new to me. I knew then that this was the field I wanted to pursue.”
UKZN stood out as the ideal institution for his postgraduate studies, as one of only three universities in South Africa offering the NASSP programme. “Choosing UKZN made sense because of its strong reputation in space science and its involvement in NASSP. This programme together with the National Research Foundation also provided funding, which made it possible for me to focus on my studies and research without added financial stress,” he explained.
Now, with his MSc complete, Hlathi has no plans to slow down. “I’m already registered for a PhD,” he said enthusiastically. “My goal is to make an even more valuable contribution to the space science community. There’s still so much to learn about the ionosphere and how it affects the systems we depend on.”
Hlathi’s work contributes to an important global effort to understand space weather and its effects on modern technology better. “Society depends more than ever on space-based systems. From navigation and communication to weather forecasting and defence, it’s all linked to how well we understand near-Earth space. Research like mine, although focused on a specific phenomenon, feeds into the larger puzzle of understanding and forecasting space weather,” he explained.
Reflecting on his journey, Hlathi credited several key people for helping him reach this milestone. “My high school teachers Mrs Mkhonza, Mrs Nkosi, Miss Ndlovu and Miss Zikalala believed in me even before I believed in myself. That gave me the confidence to pursue my potential,” he said. “And my aunt Miss Zanele Nene has been a constant support system from the very beginning of my academic journey.”
Outside the lab, Hlathi enjoys a good balance between work and relaxation. “I like going to the gym to keep active, and I enjoy watching movies in my spare time. It helps me unwind and recharge,” he shared.
He also acknowledged the role UKZN played in his success. “I believe that when a university provides a healthy and productive environment, with everyone committed to doing their best, it creates the conditions for student success,” said Hlathi. “UKZN has given me that kind of space.”
Words: Sally Frost
Photograph: Sethu Dlamini
author : .author email : .Chemical Engineer Turns Sustainable Vision into Industrial Reality
Ms Andiswa Mkhize earns her Master of Science in Chemical Engineering summa cum laude.For Ms Andiswa Mkhize, graduating with a Master of Science in Chemical Engineering summa cum laude represents far more than a qualification - it marks the culmination of a personal and professional journey defined by determination, intellectual curiosity and a drive to create greener solutions for industry.
“Graduating represents both a personal milestone and a professional achievement,” she reflected. “The MSc journey was challenging but rewarding, teaching me resilience, discipline and how to think critically as a researcher. It was a period of growth intellectually and personally.”
Mkhize’s academic path began at Masijabule High School in Pietermaritzburg, where opportunities in science seemed distant. Yet her determination propelled her to UKZN, where she completed a BSc degree in Applied Chemistry and an Honours degree in Chemistry. This solid foundation combined with her professional experience naturally led her to do research in sustainable lubricants. “My background in chemistry combined with my professional experience strongly influenced my decision to pursue research in renewable and eco-friendly alternatives. It was a natural progression,” she explained.
Her master’s degree research focused on a product most people seldom think too much about: grease! “Grease keeps cars, machines and infrastructure running, but traditional greases are made from crude oil and can harm the environment,” she said. Her project sought to make grease from palm oil rather than petroleum. By experimenting with different thickening agents, she produced a bio-grease that is biodegradable, more sustainable and still performs effectively in machines.
“Developing bio-based lubricants contributes to reducing reliance on fossil fuels, supports environmental sustainability and provides pathways for industries to adopt greener technologies,” noted Mkhize.
The palm oil feedstock was imported from Malaysia but all the technology development was done locally at UKZN, a point of pride for Mkhize. “It shows how African researchers can take global resources and create practical solutions for everyday challenges,” she said. “My research was not only about science, it was also about innovation and responsibility.”
Her path to success was supported by the Moshal Scholarship Programme, which played a pivotal role in her journey. “Their support went beyond financial assistance; they created a community that motivated me, provided mentorship and instilled resilience and grit,” she acknowledged. Alongside her family, academic mentors and her supervisor, Professor Amir Mohammadi, Moshal helped her achieve the milestone.
Mkhize is now working as a research and development specialist in the coatings industry. Her goals are ambitious yet grounded: to grow in the field of sustainable technology development, bridge the gap between research and industry, and contribute to policy and innovation frameworks for green chemistry in Africa.
Despite her demanding career, she still makes time for activities that enrich her life outside the laboratory. “I enjoy reading, going to the gym, spending time with friends and family and exploring creative hobbies,” she shared.
Mkhize lives by these statements: “Do not be limited by other people’s limited imagination,” and, “I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me.”
By transforming an everyday industrial product into an eco-friendly alternative, Mkhize is not only making machines run smoothly but helping to power a more sustainable future.
Words: Swasti Maney
Photograph: Sethu Dlamini
author : .author email : .Treatment of Seawater for Domestic Use Focus of Master’s Research
Mr Dylan Naidoo walks the stage to receive his Master of Science in Chemical Engineering.Earning a Master of Science in Chemical Engineering was for Mr Dylan Naidoo the culmination of years of sacrifice, perseverance and a passion for solving some of South Africa’s most pressing challenges.
“This graduation is validation of not only the sacrifices made during the study period but also the perseverance and diligence that were necessary to complete my undergraduate studies,” he said. “I see it as a pathway to more opportunities for career growth.”
Unlike many full-time students, Naidoo completed his master’s qualification while working full-time, which he said was an experience that demanded exceptional discipline, sacrifice and perseverance. “Many late nights and early mornings were required to balance the pressures of studying part-time while working full-time,” he commented.
After finishing his schooling at Greenbury Secondary in Phoenix, Durban, Naidoo completed his Bachelor of Science Honours in Chemical Engineering at UKZN, gaining a foundation that directly influenced his research focus and career path. The University was the natural choice for his master’s degree. “I was aware of the prestige associated with the science programmes obtained from UKZN,” he explained. “I was also attracted to the idea of working with my supervisor Professor Amir Mohammadi again after previous engagements during my undergraduate studies.”
For his Master of Science study, Naidoo tackled an urgent and ambitious topic: “My investigations involved simulating, optimising and costing a plant capable of treating seawater for domestic use through reverse osmosis,” he explained. “We looked at current knowledge on the topic and applied it through correlations and validations to address water shortage issues in South Africa. A risk analysis was also undertaken to understand why South Africa does not already apply this technology on a large scale.”
“My research results can be used by future researchers or plant designers to build a water treatment plant to provide water scarce regions with clean water,” he said. “Such a plant would also provide jobs for the local community.”
Naidoo previously worked as part of the water treatment team at Mintek in Johannesburg, an experience that dovetailed perfectly with his master’s research. He is now training under the Technical Manager for Aqua Asphalt Verulam, and is directly involved with the management and optimisation of the chemical processes used in asphalt production.
“Water treatment is a booming industry,” he noted. “With the downsizing of current chemical process plants in South Africa, water treatment creates a niche for chemical engineers.”
Naidoo plans to progress in his role and become an industry expert, possibly undertaking a PhD in the future. He also intends to obtain professional registration with the Engineering Council of South Africa (ECSA) within the next three years.
He credited Mohammadi for his academic guidance and thanked his parents, Mr Calvin and Mrs Kriba Naidoo for instilling the values of hard work and perseverance; his fiancée, Ms Sashka Naidu for her constant encouragement; his friends Mr Viroshan Pillay, Mr Keshavan Pillay and Mr Cole Naidoo for their camaraderie, and his manager Mr Lallchand Phalai for professional mentorship.
When he isn’t running simulations or fine-tuning chemical processes, Naidoo enjoys playing and watching soccer, fishing and taking road trips.
The words he lives by reflect his approach to both work and life: “Let the heart tell you what and the mind tell you how.”
Words: Sally Frost
Photograph: Sethu Dlamini
author : .author email : .Engineering with Heart Drives Computer Engineering Graduate
Ms Afsaana Sultana Mahomed dedicates her BSc in Computer Engineering Honours to her late father, Mr Mahomed Asad Mahomed.For Ms Afsaana Sultaana Mahomed, graduating with a BSc in Computer Engineering (Hons) from UKZN is the fulfilment of a lifelong dream.
From Reservoir Hills in Durban, Mahomed’s path to UKZN was never in question. “From a very young age, UKZN was the only university I ever aspired to study at,” she explained. “Every effort I made during my schooling years was driven by my dream of securing a place.” She admired the Institution for its academic rigour and the holistic development it offered to its students, especially those pursuing engineering. “Being part of UKZN has been both a privilege and a dream come true.”
Mahomed’s choice to pursue engineering, and specifically computer engineering, was deeply personal. Her greatest role model was her late father, Mr Mahomed Asad Mahomed. “Watching his dedication and passion for learning and machines ignited my desire to follow in his footsteps.” Her career choice was a tribute to the values of curiosity, resilience and excellence he instilled in her.
Throughout her degree, Mahomed found particular enjoyment in modules that allowed her to explore both the theoretical and practical aspects of her field. She listed Artificial Intelligence, Security and Encryption, and Engineering Mathematics among her favourites. “Artificial Intelligence fascinated me because it’s about programming machines to learn, adapt and make decisions,” she said. She also appreciated how encryption-related work reminded her of the importance of digital safety and trust. Mathematics, the cornerstone of engineering, remained close to her heart for the logical discipline it demanded.
Her final-year project, a coffee maker replenisher, was an intelligent automation system that continuously monitored ingredient levels in coffee machines and automatically replenished them whenever they dropped below predefined thresholds. It also alerted the user whenever the main canisters containing the primary reserves were running low via a mobile application.
“While I implemented its integration for a coffee machine, allowing liquid ingredients to be refilled seamlessly without human intervention, the underlying engineering problem was far more complex,” explained Mahomed. “The challenge lay in designing a reliable system that integrates sensing, control and actuation in real time. Non-contact sensors were used to measure ingredient levels by exploiting differences in dielectric constants, the way different materials, such as water, milk or coffee grounds, affect electric fields. This principle allowed the system to distinguish accurately between varying levels and trigger precise control of pumps, solenoid valves and motors.
“In essence, the system had to perform continuous monitoring, respond within strict timing constraints, and avoid overfilling, while still maintaining a hygienic, food-safe operation.”
What made Mahomed’s project significant was its adaptability. Although it was demonstrated on a coffee maker, the same principles can be applied to far more critical environments such as industrial chemical plants, healthcare, pharmaceuticals and agriculture, where it could automate the controlled delivery of water, nutrients or fertilisers.
“This project taught me how automation, when carefully engineered, can go beyond convenience and improve safety, efficiency, accuracy and reliability in diverse applications,” said Mahomed. “More importantly, it showed me the power of combining theoretical knowledge in sensing and control with practical system design to solve real-world problems.”
She now plans to pursue further studies under the mentorship of Academic Leader of Research in UKZN’s School of Engineering, Professor Akshay Saha, who was full of praise for the young engineer, mentioning that she had published two Q1 (Quartile 1) journal papers with him during her undergraduate studies.
Mahomed said her late father had played an irreplaceable role in her journey. He had faced serious health challenges, including the need for a heart and double lung transplant, yet remained a pillar of strength for his family. “Even though he is no longer here, his lessons remain with me every day. His words are always in my mind and memories of him are always carried in my heart,” she said. “This degree I dedicate to him, because everything I have achieved has been made possible through his constant love, his encouragement and all of my dreams he carried for me.”
In her free time, Mahomed enjoys reading, writing and most of all, spending time with her family. “They are my constant source of strength, joy and happiness,” she said.
Mahomed expressed gratitude to everyone who supported her on her academic journey, from her lecturers and mentors at UKZN to her family and the team at Link SA.
But her most heartfelt thanks remain reserved for one person. “My daddy is, was, and will always be my hero, and I will always be my dad’s daughter,” she said.
Words: Sally Frost
Photograph: Sethu Dlamini
author : .author email : .UKZN Launches New Batch of Rocket Scientists
Rocket scientists (clockwise from left) Mr Mthobisi Tshomela, Mr Rylan Odayan, Mr Brent Yelland, and Mr Ruben Tukker.Four Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering graduates are soaring to new heights thanks to the talent pipeline at UKZN’s Aerospace Systems Research Institute (ASRI).
Research conducted by the four students - Mr Mthobisi Tshomela, Mr Rylan Odayan, Mr Brent Yelland and Mr Ruben Tukker - has made significant contributions to South Africa’s aerospace sector. All four completed their postgraduate studies within ASRI, forming part of its focused talent pipeline. This initiative, funded by the Department of Science, Technology and Innovation, has become a cornerstone of South Africa’s efforts to develop indigenous launch vehicle capabilities and nurture the next generation of aerospace engineers.
Directed by Professor Mike Brooks, ASRI is South Africa’s only academic research group dedicated to launching vehicle systems. It plays a key role in the design, testing and operation of suborbital sounding rockets such as those in the Phoenix series, and propulsion systems including the liquid-fuelled SAFFIRE engine (South African First Integrated Rocket Engine).
Beyond its technical innovations, ASRI has built a comprehensive training environment that supports student research while aligning with national aerospace priorities.
Professor Glen Snedden, who oversees the ASRI talent development programme, noted: “This is exactly what the ASRI talent pipeline was designed to achieve. We aim to give young South African engineers the skills, mentorship and opportunities they need to contribute meaningfully to national and international aerospace efforts. These graduates are proof that it’s working.”
Tshomela’s thesis focused on the development of a payload module for the Phoenix-1C hybrid sounding rocket. His research entailed the design and integration of a nose cone system capable of accommodating three 1U CubeSats supplied by the South African National Space Agency (SANSA), MaxIQ Space and Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT).
The module included a parachute recovery system and embedded telemetry and avionics, ensuring that the payload could be tracked and recovered post-flight. The work enabled ASRI to collect valuable flight and ground data, while simultaneously allowing local institutions to perform scientific experiments using a South African-developed rocket platform.
Reflecting on his experience, Tshomela said: “Studying through UKZN gave me a strong foundation in mechanical engineering, and ASRI gave me the platform to apply that knowledge to real aerospace challenges.” Tshomela has since joined ASRI as a full-time engineer.
Odayan’s research investigated suborbital rocket operations at the Denel Overberg Test Range in the Western Cape. By using ASRI’s in-house simulation software, PyROPS, he evaluated performance metrics, safety considerations and launch window constraints, drawing from historical weather data to inform more accurate planning models. His work has immediate applications for future launches, optimising conditions for experimental payload missions from South African soil.
Odayan acknowledged the value of his academic journey, stating: “Studying at UKZN was a valuable experience, and I’m grateful for the excellent support from the University and my supervisors. Progressing from conducting research to working as an engineer at ASRI has provided many exciting development opportunities.” He now continues his work at ASRI, actively contributing to mission planning and flight campaigns.
Yelland’s thesis focused on the aerodynamic behaviour of two sub-orbital launch vehicles under development at ASRI: the first nicknamed STeVe, and a planned commercial launch vehicle (CLV). Through extensive use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and semi-empirical modelling methods, Yelland characterised the external flow over these vehicles, producing data that can improve the accuracy of flight trajectory predictions, particularly in estimating maximum altitude and splashdown locations.
Yelland described his postgraduate experience as highly rewarding, citing the expertise of UKZN lecturers and the hands-on exposure to flight testing at ASRI as standout aspects of his training. Following graduation, he has taken up a position at Milkor in Cape Town, where he is now engaged in cutting-edge drone development.
Tukker, who graduated cum laude, focused on the design and optimisation of electro-pumps for ASRI’s SAFFIRE liquid-fuelled rocket engine. His research addressed shaft design and the reduction of hydraulic loads, resulting in robust methodologies and hardware designs for what he describes as “the heart of the rocket engine.” His contribution plays a vital role in the ongoing development of South Africa’s first domestically designed liquid propulsion system.
Reflecting on his journey, Tukker remarked: “It has been a childhood dream of mine to be a rocket scientist. It seemed a hopeless dream and impossible to achieve in South Africa, until I found ASRI. Now it has become a reality.”
Tukker now works as a full-time engineer at ASRI, helping to turn theoretical propulsion models into practical, flight-ready systems.
Brooks elaborated on the current focus of the research institute: “ASRI is working on a range of aerospace technologies. Our primary focus is the SAFFIRE liquid rocket engine and all of its subsystems, including high-performance electric pumps and advanced regeneratively cooled combustion chambers. Aside from this, we work on satellite propulsion units and the design of aerostructures for the launch vehicles that we’ll be testing over the next few years, like enhanced variants of the Phoenix rocket and the space-capable Suborbital Test Vehicle, STeVe.”
Commenting on the significance of the group’s graduation, he said: “This graduating class represents the best of what we’re building at ASRI. They’re not just engineers, they’re pioneers.”
Words: Sally Frost
Photographs: Sethu Dlamini and Vangie Lewis
author : .author email : .From Village Beginnings to the Edge of the Universe
Exploring the universe’s secrets: Dr Ajith Sampath is a proud PhD graduate from UKZN.Dr Ajith Sampath received a PhD in Mathematics for his ground-breaking research into the complex instrumentation challenges of next-generation radio telescopes.
Supervised by Professor Kavilan Moodley, Sampath’s thesis titled: ‘Beam Characterisation and Foreground Removal for Intensity Mapping Experiments’, represents a major contribution to radio astronomy and cosmology.
Sampath’s work focused on the flagship HIRAX (Hydrogen Intensity and Real-time Analysis eXperiment) telescope, which aims to explore one of the greatest mysteries in physics: dark energy. His research focused on developing new mathematical methods to model and correct for the influence of the telescope’s instrument beam, namely, the way the antenna responds to signals from different directions and frequencies.
“HIRAX’s scientific goal is to detect faint radio signals from the universe’s ‘teenage years’ to understand the nature of dark energy,” explained Sampath. “But these signals are incredibly faint, and even small imperfections in the telescope’s design can interfere. My research focused on characterising and correcting these effects so that the cosmological signal can be accurately extracted.”
Sampath applied his techniques not only to the HIRAX array, but also to the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT), where he investigated how beam asymmetries and polarisation leakage affect data quality. “I developed mathematical models to describe the angular and spectral structure of the beam, which are crucial for removing foreground contamination and improving the precision of the power spectrum measurements,” he said.
Originally from a small village in India, Sampath’s journey into the world of astronomy began during his master’s studies. “I had the opportunity to attend a summer school that included visits to several observatories across India. That experience, combined with my long-standing interest in cosmology, sparked my curiosity in observational radio astronomy,” he recalled.
UKZN became a natural choice when he began looking for institutions to pursue a PhD. “As an international student eager to join a strong research environment, UKZN offered everything I was looking for - expertise in astronomy, access to cutting-edge resources and an incredibly supportive academic culture,” said Sampath. “Working under Professor Moodley on the HIRAX project opened up extraordinary opportunities, including my current postdoctoral research position at the University of Geneva.”
Now based in Switzerland, Sampath continues to contribute to HIRAX while broadening his research in the field. “I plan to stay in academia and tackle even more complex challenges. I’ve always found problem-solving in astronomy incredibly fulfilling, and I feel truly delighted with where I am today,” he said.
The impact of Sampath’s research is far-reaching. “Understanding the instrument is just as important as understanding the cosmos,” he explained. “My work contributes to improving the design and data analysis strategies for current and future instruments, including global efforts like the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) being built in the Karoo. It’s vital for us to quantify and remove the effects introduced by the telescope itself in order to measure the universe with precision.”
“Ajith has made a key contribution in his PhD towards the emerging field of hydrogen intensity mapping in cosmology,” said Moodley. “He studied the impact of the telescope antenna pattern on the leakage of the bright galaxy signal, thereby contaminating the faint cosmological signal. The novel methods he has developed will play a key role in the first detections of the hydrogen intensity mapping signal.”
Despite his many academic achievements, Sampath remains grounded and thankful. “My brother, Aravinth, played the most important role in making my Higher Education studies possible. He carried many burdens so I could focus on my education, and no words can express my gratitude,” he said. “I am also deeply grateful to Professor Moodley for his guidance, to the National Research Foundation for supporting my research through a doctoral scholarship, and to my parents, wife, family and friends for their constant support.”
Away from the world of cosmology, Sampath enjoys watching football, anime and playing video games. “During my PhD, I also played cricket every weekend with friends as it helped me keep a good balance,” he said.
Reflecting on his academic journey, Sampath shared a final thought: “Mathematics and science have profoundly shaped my life. I still remember the days when I had no internet access and had to rely on library books. That journey took me from a small village to earning a Doctorate in Science. It taught me perseverance, critical thinking and the sheer joy of discovery.”
Words: Sally Frost
Photograph: Supplied
author : .author email : .Producing Green Hydrogen Focus of Doctoral Research
Dr Sabelo Jeza, whose PhD research explored sustainable alternative fuel production methods.Dr Sabelo Jeza has graduated with a PhD in Chemical Engineering after an academic journey which took root at KwaHluzingqondo High School in Umkomaas, where his strengths in mathematics and physical sciences soon became evident.
Jeza went on to complete his undergraduate studies at UKZN before pursuing his master’s degree at Stellenbosch University. Drawn back to UKZN for his doctorate, he credits the University’s supportive and harmonious environment for fostering both academic excellence and personal growth. His path to Chemical Engineering was influenced by an interest in solving complex problems. “Chemical engineering provides the perfect platform to apply this mindset to real-world challenges,” he said.
Jeza’s PhD research focused on developing practical ways to produce cleaner fuels, specifically green hydrogen. His work explored efficient and sustainable methods for producing an alternative fuel to conventional petrol and diesel. “I studied how to make this fuel efficiently and sustainably so that it can help reduce pollution and contribute to a cleaner energy future,” he said.
Sasol, South Africa’s leading energy company, played a pivotal role in Jeza’s journey. “Sasol was the key factor behind my decision to pursue a PhD,” he noted. “Their innovative technologies, such as Fischer-Tropsch processes, have always impressed me. I have long aspired to be part of their team, especially as they transition toward cleaner energy.” With Sasol’s bursary support he was able to take up the opportunity to work on his doctoral research while contributing to the energy sector’s green transition.
He firmly believes his PhD has societal impact: “As the country works toward reducing its carbon footprint and transitioning to green hydrogen, the expertise I have developed positions me to contribute directly to these efforts. I hope to be at the forefront of helping South Africa achieve its Net Zero goals.”
Jeza is currently part of the Sasol Process Engineering team at the National Petroleum Refiners of South Africa (Natref) oil refinery. Looking ahead, he aspires to contribute to Sasol’s and South Africa’s transition to cleaner fuels in an economically viable way, while ensuring a stable and reliable energy supply. He also plans to collaborate with universities to accelerate research and innovation in sustainable energy solutions, with the long-term goal of retiring as an influential professor who contributes to both the country’s academic and industrial development!
Jeza has been supported and inspired by many, but he especially acknowledged his high school teachers, Mr Mcebo Innocent Ntshangase (Physical Science) and Ms Snenhlanhla Ntshembeni (Mathematics). “Their guidance and encouragement played a key role in developing my interest and strengths in the sciences, which ultimately laid the foundation for my pursuit of Chemical Engineering,” he said.
Despite his busy schedule, Jeza makes time for activities that keep him grounded. “I make sure to stay active by jogging and spending time with family and friends,” he shared.
He also enjoys continuing research within his field to stay abreast of new developments in sustainable energy and chemical engineering.
Jeza said he lived by the statement: “I don’t do things because they are easy, but because they are difficult.”
With his PhD now complete, he is well on his way to becoming one of the key players shaping South Africa’s transition to a cleaner, greener energy future.
Words: Swasti Maney
Photograph: Supplied
author : .author email : .Cum Laude Graduate Hopes to Inspire Future Mathematicians
Mr Lethukuthula Ndebele (centre) with proud mum, Ms Phikeni Ngcobo, and brother, Mr Mzamo Ndebele.Mr Lethukuthula Ndebele’s cum laude achievement for his Master’s in Applied Mathematics is one he hopes will inspire other students from underrepresented backgrounds to pursue studies and careers in science and mathematics.
Completing his undergraduate studies in Applied Mathematics, Mathematics and Statistics at UKZN, Ndebele, who grew up in the rural Empumeni area near Empangeni, chose the University for its academic and research excellence, appreciating its academic community, access to excellent supervisors and the opportunities for growth it provided. He excelled and was named Best First-Year Mathematics Student in 2019.
Fascinated with mathematics’ application to model, analyse and solve practical problems in areas like engineering and physics, Ndebele specialised in Applied Mathematics as it combines abstract reasoning with practical applications, especially in fluid dynamics, where it helps explain and predict complex physical behaviours.
In his master’s research, Ndebele focused on analysing the newly developed Block Hybrid Methods (BHM) for solving nonlinear boundary value problems, with applications to Casson fluid flow. Casson fluids are important in modelling biological and industrial processes, such as blood flow and polymer processing. By creating more efficient numerical techniques, his work helps advance the tools available for scientists and engineers working with complex fluid systems.
He aimed to evaluate the accuracy, stability and computational efficiency of the BHM, as efficient and accurate numerical methods are crucial for simulating complex physical phenomena which can be applied in engineering design and thermal management systems. Ndebele was the first to write a dissertation on this method.
He was surprised to uncover the strong performance of the BHM, which demonstrated high accuracy while maintaining computational efficiency and highlighted the potential of hybrid methods as promising alternatives to more established numerical techniques in solving boundary value problems.
Ndebele’s research involved heavy computational aspects that he had to balance with a deep theoretical understanding of the methods. This meant dedicating significant time to learning advanced numerical techniques and strengthening his coding skills in MATLAB, with the support of his supervisors and determination to persevere through setbacks.
“Being awarded my MSc cum laude is one of my proudest achievements, and I hope it inspires other students,” said Ndebele.
While conducting his research, Ndebele offered private tutorials to undergraduate mathematics students, particularly those taking first-year modules, requiring careful time management, discipline and a structured schedule.
Ndebele is now reading for his PhD in Applied Mathematics, focusing on fluid dynamics, particularly hybrid and nanofluid models. His long-term goal is to contribute to academia and research while mentoring future mathematicians.
Ndebele dedicated his master’s qualification to his mother, Ms Phikeni Ngcobo, who he said had been a pillar of strength and love, setting an example of resilience, courage and sacrifices that shaped him. He thanked his supervisors Dr Hloniphile Sithole Mthethwa, Professor Sicelo Goqo and Professor Sandile Motsa for their invaluable guidance and encouragement, and his family, particularly his brother, Mr Bongukukholwa Ndebele, whose sacrifices and dedication since the loss of their father provided a strong foundation for Ndebele. He also paid tribute to his late brothers, Mr Muziwokuphila and Mr Gcinokuhle Ndebele, whose values and spirit remain a source of strength and inspiration for him.
He also thanked his siblings, Ms Sikholiwe Ndebele, Mr Mluleki Ndebele and Ms Samkelisiwe Ndebele, for their love and encouragement that kept him grounded and acknowledged his UKZN colleagues for their support and enriching contributions.
Words: Christine Cuénod
Photograph: Sethu Dlamini
author : .author email : .United in Excellence: Husband and Wife Earn PhDs Side-by-Side
Husband and wife duo, Drs Kavita and Ramesh Behara, graduate with their PhDs in Engineering.Shared joy and accomplishment marked the graduation of husband and wife Dr Ramesh Behara and Dr Kavita Behara, who were awarded their PhDs in Engineering at UKZN’s 2025 Spring Graduation ceremony.
The couple were both in the College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science - Ramesh in Electrical Engineering and Kavita in Computer Engineering.
After 23 years of marriage, the Beharas stood side-by-side on the graduation stage, not just as life partners but as academic peers who had weathered the challenge of doctoral study together. “It feels truly special to be graduating together,” said Ramesh. “This milestone is more than personal success, it reflects our shared journey, the challenges we’ve overcome and the inspiration we’ve drawn from one another.”
Kavita echoed his sentiment: “Graduating alongside my husband makes this achievement even more meaningful. We’ve supported each other through the challenges and celebrated the milestones along the way. Sharing this moment together feels like a double victory.”
Ramesh’s PhD, supervised by Professor Akshay Saha, focused on renewable energy systems. His thesis, titled: ‘Optimised Hybrid Models for Grid-Integrated DFIG Wind Power Generation’, developed an optimised hybrid model to address the challenges in integrating data augmentation, fault diagnosis and predictive control models tailored for grid-connected DFIG (doubly fed induction generator) wind energy systems under dynamic wind conditions.
His research demonstrated the viability of deploying end-to-end hybrid models in real-time wind farm applications, ensuring fault tolerance, predictive adaptability and enhanced grid stability.
Explaining the significance of his research, Ramesh said: “My work supports the global transition to cleaner energy by enabling smarter, more reliable and more sustainable use of wind power within modern power grids.”
Employed by Mondi Group as an Electrical Engineer, and with over 35 years of professional experience, he plans to contribute further to renewable energy innovation, combining artificial intelligence (AI) with clean technology solutions.
Kavita’s research, supervised by Dr Ernest Bhero and Professor John Agee, tackled a completely different but equally impactful challenge, namely, healthcare access. Her thesis: ‘Optimising Deep Learning Algorithms for Improved Skin Cancer Classification and Detection’, introduced AI-based hybrid innovative models that significantly advanced diagnostic accuracy, interpretability and inclusivity in melanoma care.
“I developed a computer system that can analyse images of skin lesions to help doctors decide whether they’re likely cancerous,” Kavita explained. “This matters because early detection greatly improves survival rates, especially in communities with limited access to dermatologists.”
Her work, described as a pioneering contribution to medical AI, not only enhances skin cancer diagnostics but also champions fairness and trust in healthcare technologies. “The significance lies in its potential to save lives,” she said. “My research shows how technology can support - not replace - doctors, helping them reach more patients in need.”
Both Ramesh and Kavita were drawn to UKZN for its research excellence and supportive academic environment.
“I chose UKZN because of its strong reputation in research and innovation,” said Kavita, who currently works at Mangosuthu University of Technology as a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Electrical Engineering. “UKZN offers excellent resources, experienced supervisors and a culture that encourages impactful, community-relevant research.”
Ramesh was similarly inspired by UKZN’s focus on real-world challenges: “The University provided an opportunity to pursue research that is both academically rigorous and impactful, with a focus on advancing the goal of achieving net-zero carbon emissions.”
Beyond their academic partnership, the Beharas are proud parents to two children, Shriya and Shreyansh, both currently pursuing MBChB degrees at the University of the Witwatersrand (Wits). “This journey serves as an inspiration for our children to stay updated with technology and continually grow their skills to support society,” said Ramesh.
Kavita added: “My husband has been my greatest source of strength. His encouragement made the journey lighter and more rewarding. Our children’s love and patience inspired me to keep going.”
Now that they’ve crossed the PhD finish line, both Ramesh and Kavita are focused on future contributions to their fields, to students and to society.
“I plan to apply AI to optimise clean technologies and contribute to industry and academia,” Ramesh said. “Mentoring the next generation of energy professionals is equally important to me.”
Kavita’s goals lie at the intersection of AI and healthcare: “I want to continue developing practical solutions that can be implemented in real-world clinical settings, and also mentor aspiring researchers in this field.
“I feel blessed to have shared this journey with my husband,” said Kavita. “It made the challenges easier and the successes so much sweeter.”
For Ramesh, the shared achievement is not just a culmination, but a beginning: “It’s a proud and joyful celebration of partnership, growth and mutual support; and a stepping stone to what we will build and give back next.”
Words: Sally Frost
Photograph: Sethu Dlamini
author : .author email : .PhD and a Bright Future Ahead for Top Mathematician
Top Mathematician, Dr Shimon Corcos.Following a stellar academic journey marked by exceptional achievement, original research and international recognition, Dr Shimon Corcos has been awarded a Doctor of Philosophy in Mathematics.
Supervised by Professor Dharmanand Baboolal and Dr Cerene Rathilal, Corcos’s PhD explored cutting-edge concepts in Topology, a field he grew to love during his undergraduate years at UKZN.
Corcos first enrolled at UKZN in 2018. It didn’t take long for the Institution and his lecturers to make a profound impact on him. “Even though Mathematics was my passion since I was a child,” he said, “I didn’t know if I wanted to major in Mathematics, let alone do a master’s. But I built great relationships with all of my lecturers and colleagues.” Key among his early influences were Professors Paranjothi Pillay, Gareth Amery, Sergey Shindin and Dharmanand Baboolal whose Real Analysis, Discrete Mathematics and Algebra lectures in his undergraduate years solidified his decision to major in Mathematics.
Graduating summa cum laude for both his BSc and honours degrees, Corcos earned accolades including the 100th Anniversary Scholarship, the Lawrence and Constance Robinson Scholarship, the Townley Williams Scholarship and the Zac Yacoob Scholarship, highlighting his consistent placement among UKZN’s top-performing students. In 2021, he completed an honours research project on Point-free Topology with Baboolal before transitioning into a master’s programme.
What began as an MSc thesis on general properties of the Vietoris Topology quickly led to a significant original contribution to the field. “It seemed that no one had previously considered a study of sobriety or irreducibility in arbitrary hyperspaces,” Corcos noted. “That’s when I realised there was a gap in the literature.”
Based on his findings, and with strong feedback from examiners, his MSc was upgraded to a PhD in 2023. In the same year he was privileged to be one of 200 young researchers from across the globe to be invited to the 10th Heidelberg Laureate Forum in Germany where he interacted with laureates of the most prestigious mathematical prizes, including the Fields medal and the Abel prize.
His doctoral thesis, titled: ‘On Cellularity, Closure, Sobriety and Separation Axioms in the Lower Vietoris Topology’, introduced and studied four new classes of hyperspaces to explore fundamental concepts in a pathological topology. Examiners praised the thesis as a ‘watertight, well-organised body of theory’ containing ‘novel’ and ‘mathematically deep’ results that are ‘surprising and substantial’. One examiner remarked that the work demonstrated ‘a high technical acumen and mastery of general topology’.
Corcos’s research has important implications for theoretical computer science, especially in Domain Theory and models of ‘angelic’ non-determinism, which relate to optimal decision-making processes. “My research shows how these new hyperspaces provide new ways of looking at the well-known ‘sober’ and ‘cellularity’ properties in all topological spaces,” he explained, noting that this had implications for both Point-free Topology and applications in algorithmic theory.
Beyond academic excellence, Corcos has been a standout science communicator and representative of UKZN. He won first prize in the 2024 National 3-Minute Thesis (3MT) competition, impressing a broad academic audience with a concise explanation of his complex research. He also received the UKZN 2024 Doctoral Research Scholarship and was awarded the National Research Foundation Doctoral Scholarship from August 2023 to December 2024. He presented his work at multiple national and international conferences, including ADEANS V and the South African Mathematical Society Congress, and delivered a seminar at the National Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences (NITheCS).
After submitting his PhD thesis, Corcos began a research stay at the University of Messina in Sicily, Italy, from February to July 2025, funded by the Erasmus+ Mobility Scholarship. “While I was in Messina, I celebrated my 26th birthday and I was ecstatic to receive incredible feedback on my PhD thesis,” he said. “I shared every moment with my family, 8 000km away!” During his time in Italy, Corcos also competed in FameLab, placing first runner-up in the NITheCS heat with a creative presentation featuring a chalkboard, a fresh donut and a coffee mug.
Corcos is sincerely grateful for those who supported his journey, particularly his family. “My mother Avril has been with me every step of the way. During my very long PhD presentations, I would see a stretched-out arm holding a phone … recording the entire presentation … it could only be my mother, smiling from ear to ear!”
He also thanked his supervisors: “I was honoured to have worked with Prof Baboolal, who was always a message or phone call away. Because of our great relationship and my trust in him, I decided he would be the perfect supervisor for my PhD.” He thanked Rathilal for her mentorship, conference support and guidance in academic and lecturing duties.
Now back in South Africa, Corcos is lecturing at UKZN, teaching Vector Calculus and Real Analysis in the MATH251W2 module. “It has been a joy lecturing a wonderful group of eager and dedicated students,” he said.
Outside of mathematics he enjoys family braais, watching the Springboks with his gran Marie, and jamming on guitar and piano with his siblings Chaunce and Shiloh. “My siblings are certainly more talented!” he joked.
Looking ahead, Corcos is intent on pursuing a career in academia. “My goal is to become a professor of Mathematics,” he said. “I’m applying for lecturing positions, research grants and postdoctoral fellowships. I look forward to collaborating internationally and extending my research into new areas.”
Words: Sally Frost
Photograph: Sethu Dlamini
author : .author email : .Summa Cum Laude Master’s Success a Testament to Academic Excellence
A jubilant Mr Siyamthanda Mnisi dances on stage as he receives his Master’s in Applied Mathematics summa cum laude, a degree he dedicates to his mother.Graduating with his Master’s in Applied Mathematics summa cum laude is a multi-faceted victory for Mr Siyamthanda Mnisi, whose academic journey included setbacks from which he emerged stronger and triumphs culminating in top honours for a degree he dedicated to his mother.
Concentrating on the mathematical modelling of malaria dynamics through vector control strategies and health-seeking behaviour, Mnisi’s work was supervised by Dr Hloniphile Sithole Mthethwa, Dr Vusi Magagula of the University of Eswatini, and Professor Sicelo Goqo.
Born and raised close to uMnambithi (Ladysmith) in KwaZulu-Natal, where he lived with several generations of his family, he matriculated in 2019 from a school lacking resources and knowledge about potential career paths. Mnisi was not familiar with UKZN but discovered the University while browsing application options. Familiar with construction through his grandfather’s building profession and skilled at mathematics, he applied to study Civil Engineering at the Institution. Despite good mathematics and science results, he did not qualify, requiring a backup plan.
Accompanied by his isiZulu teacher, Mr Senzo Dlamini, Mnisi arrived at the Pietermaritzburg campus, where Student Representative Council (SRC) representatives guided his application for a BSc in Mathematics. He recalls an encounter with Academic Administrative Officer Mrs Mildred Nzimande, who encouraged him to study to PhD level, a prescient memory as Mnisi prepares to take on PhD studies in Applied Mathematics, focusing on the mathematical modelling of HIV dynamics.
The first in his family to attend university and supported by the National Student Financial Aid Scheme (NSFAS), Mnisi was hosted by Dlamini and his family while seeking a place to stay in Pietermaritzburg.
Two weeks into his first semester, the COVID-19 pandemic struck. Despite his computer literacy, studying online presented challenges. He rebounded in the second semester, earning merit certificates for his subjects, and as he progressed to the second and third years he found his stride, earning the award for the Best Third-year Applied Mathematics Student, and serving as a class representative.
His honours year, with funding from the National Research Foundation (NRF), brought another academic challenge. Despite feeling the world had ended as he faced those challenges, he made up for it with Statistics modules in his second semester, conquering again to earn awards for the Best Honours Student in Statistics.
Inspired by a master’s topic suggested by Magagula, Mnisi enrolled in 2024, completing the bulk of his research by August. Without funding for his master’s studies, Mnisi’s supervisors contributed financial resources to support his study.
He attended a Mathematics in Industry Study Group at the University of the Witwatersrand, a Mathematical Modelling Mini Course at North-West University in early 2024, the annual international conference on Mathematical Methods and Models in Biosciences in Scottburgh and a mathematics modelling workshop hosted by Professor Precious Sibanda in mid-2024. In December 2024, he travelled to the United Kingdom to attend a research school on multiscale modelling for infectious diseases, cancer and treatments at the University of Edinburgh.
Completing his master’s, says Mnisi, is ultimately his mother, Ms Nonkululeko Mchunu’s triumph as it is the “fruit of her hard work”.
“The PhD gown will be for me, but everything else is for her,” said Mnisi.
He acknowledged his family for their support and pride - his younger siblings have been inspired to follow him into tertiary studies. He thanked his mother’s family, who raised him, his friends and colleagues for their support, Dr Sithole Mthethwa for her nurturing patience and belief, Magagula for his role as an academic parent, and Goqo and Sibanda for their support.
“Siyamthanda’s journey reflects the power of hard work, humility, and vision,’ said Magagula. “From overcoming early obstacles to achieving a summa cum laude result, he has shown what is possible when talent meets determination. I believe he will continue to make a profound impact in academia and beyond. It has been an honour to guide him on this journey.”
Mnisi credited his Sakhelwe High School teachers for providing inspiration and support, especially Dlamini and his mathematics teacher, Mrs Mazibuko. He thanked God and his ancestors for protecting him.
Having also served as a demonstrator, supplemental instruction leader, tutor and volunteer mathematics teacher at a local high school on Saturdays and at Sakhelwe High School in Ezakheni during vacations, Mnisi hopes to build a career in academia. The 24-year-old plans to achieve his PhD by the age of 26 and a full professorship by 35, recognising time as his most valuable commodity.
Quoting Issac Newton, Mnisi said: “If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants.”
Words: Christine Cuénod
Photograph: Sethu Dlamini
author : .author email : .Stock Markets Under the Spotlight in Doctoral Research
Dr Anas Mohammed earns his doctoral degree in Statistics.UKZN’s Dr Anas Mohammed’s PhD in Statistics examined the relationships in stock markets in South Africa, the United States, and the United Kingdom to create hybrid models using deep learning methods to better capture changes in volatility and correlation in the financial institutions.
Meanwhile, a civil war threatened his family back home in Sudan and left him without research funding!
Using methods such as multivariate neural networks and convolutional neural networks, with statistical and econometric models such as the Dynamic Conditional Correlation model, Mohammed sought to develop better models to improve forecasting accuracy and contribute new knowledge to both statistics and financial modelling.
Drawn to statistics when he realised the central role of data in informed decision-making, Mohammed found the discipline provided the methods to understand, clean, and interpret often complex and messy data properly, making models more accurate and ensuring that decisions based on data are reliable and meaningful.
His PhD research revealed that the hybrid models combining deep learning with statistical methods outperformed traditional models in forecasting stock market volatility, both usual and expected. One of his papers demonstrated how the traditional models exceeded the sophisticated models in forecasting stock market volatility, meaning more research is required to investigate the performance of hybrid models in forecasting stock market volatility.
He completed his undergraduate studies at the University of Gezira and his master’s degree at the University of Khartoum, both in Sudan. He chose to enrol at UKZN for his PhD because of the excellent research opportunities in mathematics, statistics and computer science, and the Institution’s reputation for strong academic supervision. The University’s reputation for producing impactful research in Africa and beyond made it the ideal location for Mohammed, and he appreciated the diverse and vibrant campus community that enabled him to learn from people from different backgrounds and countries. He found supportive mentorship in his supervisors and University administrators, and a collaborative environment that propelled his research.
He had been supported by the government of Sudan through monthly stipends but these ended in December 2022 when conflict broke out between the country’s military and the Rapid Support Forces. With his wife and four children still in Sudan and communication networks down, Mohammed faced the stress of worrying about their welfare, while seeking ways to earn money to support and reunite with his family and continue his studies.
He involved himself in sport and religious activities while at UKZN, and remained committed to his family, balancing the various demands by managing his time carefully, setting priorities, and striving for consistency. This helped him maintain health, motivation, and focus.
Mohammed has started postdoctoral studies at UKZN, developing his research skills and contributing to his field.
He thanked his family, his wife Trteel and children Eilaf, Osama, Eithar and Afnan, for their patience and important role in his life and for supporting his studies. He acknowledged his supervisors, Professor Henry Mwambi and Professor Bernard Omolo, for their invaluable guidance and support, and administrators Ms Christel Barnard and Ms Tamlyn Skye for making processes easier. He also thanked international student officer Ms Sithokozile Mtshatsha and his friends.
Words: Christine Cuénod
Photograph: Sethu Dlamini
author : .author email : .