Kusukela kwesobunxele ngoDkt Lauren Hoyer, u-Michelle North no-Warwick Hastie.Abacwaningi Base-UKZN Banxusa I-Afrika Itshale KwezeSayensi Yezomhlaba
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Umfundisi we-Economic Geology uDkt Lauren Hoyer ubambe ingxoxo ne-SAFM ngephepha locwaningo alibhale ngokuhlanganyela nozakwabo ababili elibizwa ngokuthi Why African Countries Must Invest More in Earth Sciences.
Abanye abhale ngokuhlanganyela nabo ngumcwaningi weziqu zezobudokotela uDkt u-Michelle North nomfundisi omkhulu uDkt Warwick Hastie.
Iphepha labo locwaningo, elibalulwe eziko lezindaba elisezinkundleni zokuxhumana i-The Conversation – Africa, belisebhukwini locwaningo elithi Out of Africa: The Underrepresentation of African Authors in High-Impact Geoscience Literature, elaphuma ngonyaka odlule kwi-Earth-Science Reviews.
Abacwaningi ephepheni locwaningo bathi i-Afrika inamagugu ambiwa phansi njenge-cobalt e-Democratic Republic of the Congo, i-tantalum eRwanda, eTopiya naseMozambique. Womabili lamaminerali amqoka kwezobuchwepheshe.
Izwekazi linemithombo emikhulu emhlabeni yeplathinami nephaladiyamu, izakhi ezimqoka ezimakethe zamandla aphehlwayo nezimoto zikagesi. Labababhali bathi njengoba i-Afrika inezinto ezinjena, abacwaningi base-Afrika kufanele engabe baneqhaza elikhulu emkhakheni wezemfundo wezesayensi yezomhlaba, okuyinto okufanele ibakhuthaze ukuthi bacwaninge.
Inhloso yabo wukuthola ukuthi lungakanani ulwazi nobungcweti kwase-Afrika emkhakheni wezesayensi yomhlaba kwabantu base-Afrika.
Ocwaningweni lwabo bacwaninge amaphepha ocwaningo angama-182 996 emabhukwini ocwaningo ezesayensi yezomhlaba, bathola ukuthi ama-70% amaphepha ocwaningo abheka lesisihloko ngokwenzeka e-Afrika awabhalwanga ngisho oyedwa owase-Afrika. Bathole nokuthi iqhaza elibanjwa ngabacwaningi base-Afrika ocwaningweni lomhlaba wonke jikelele lugcina kuma-2,3% kusukela ngonyaka wezi-1973 uma kuqhathaniswa nolwezwe olunjengeMelika (enabantu base-Afrika abayikota), yona enegalelo elingama-47%.
Lemiphumela yabavula amehlo uma kubhekwa ukuthi umhlaba wonke uyakuthanda okumbiwa phansi e-Afrika.
Engxoxweni yomsakazo, u-Hoyer uthe akusetshenziswa imali eyenele ocwaningweni lwezomnotho wejiyoloji noma kwisayensi yejiyoloji e-Afrika nokuthi zincane izinsizakusebenza abacwaningi base-Afrika abanazo zokucwaninga ngezihloko ezithinta ezamanzi, ukutholakala kokudla, uguquko lwesimo sezulu, isimo somhlabathi nezinye izihloko ezinjengalezo. Uma kwenzeka kusetshenziswa imali kusuke kungamazwe ase-Afrika ami kahle njengeNingizimu Afrika, iGibhithe neTopiya.
Ucwaningo lwabo lubheke ukuxhumana phakathi kwemali esetshenziselwa ucwaningo nocwaningo olukhishwayo nomphumela walo oveze ukuthi e-Afrika imali esetshenziswa ocwaningweni ayinyukile ngokubonakalao eminyakeni engama-20 edlule uma kuqhathaniswa nakwezinye izindawo emhlabeni ngesikhathi esifanayo. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwemali etshalwa ocwaningweni nemiphumela yocwaningo kanti okubakhathazayo wukuthi nakuba kunocwaningo oluningi olwenziwa e-Afrika kwezesayensi yezomhlaba, iningi layo libonakala liyisayensi ye‘pharashutha’. U-Hoyer uthe isayensi ye‘pharashutha’ yilapho kufika abacwaningi baphesheya e-Afrika, bacwaninge, bahlaziye bese bephindela emazweni akubo, lapho befike khona bashicilele imiphumela yocwaningo emabhukwini ocwaningo ahlonishwayo. Lokhu bavame ukukwenza bodwa, bengasebenzisani nabacwaningi base-Afrika kulelozwe abasuke benze ucwaningo kulona, nokunika isithombe sokuthi osaseyensi bendawo basuke bengazange balibambe iqhaza ocwaningweni.
U-Hoyer uthe ucwaningo lwabo luveze ukuthi ucwaningo lwezomhlaba lwamazwe ase-Afrika luxhaswa ngemali encane nokuthi zincane izinsizakusebenza okwenza ukuthi amagugu ambiwa phansi ambiwe ngabantu baphesheya abanamandla okwenza lokho.
U-Hoyer uthe uma amazwe ase-Afrika efisa ukuthuthukisa nokuhlomula kwisayensi yezomhlaba kudingeka ukuthi andise imali ayisebenzisa ocwaningweni, aqale ukusebenzisana nabacwaningi baphesheya ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kunemali ethe xaxa yokwenza ucwaningo olunjena.
Uma ufisa ukufunda udaba lweziko lezindaba nolwebhuku locwaningo ungangena ngamalinki angezansi:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0012825220303081
Amagama: ngu-Nicole Chidzawo
Izithombe: Zithunyelwe